Dysphonia: causes

Evidence-based neurology checklist on dysphonia: causes: Neurological causes Parkinson's disease (PD) Multiple system atrophy (MSA) Spasmodic dysphonia Vocal tremor Vocal cord paralysis Stroke Myasthenia gravis (MG) Multiple sclerosis (MS) Motor neurone disease (MND) Hereditary whispering dystonia…

Neurological causes

  • Parkinson's disease (PD)
  • Multiple system atrophy (MSA)
  • Spasmodic dysphonia
  • Vocal tremor
  • Vocal cord paralysis
  • Stroke
  • Myasthenia gravis (MG)
  • Multiple sclerosis (MS)
  • Motor neurone disease (MND)
  • Hereditary whispering dystonia (DYT4)

Occupational causes

Laryngeal causes

Head and neck causes

Medical causes

Drug-induced

References

  1. Schwartz SR, Cohen SM, Dailey SH, et al. Clinical practice guideline: hoarseness (dysphonia). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009; 141(3 Suppl 2):S1-S31.
  2. Ludlow CL. Spasmodic dysphonia: a laryngeal control disorder specific to speech. J Neurosci 2011; 31:793-797.
  3. Munin MC, Heman-Ackah YD, Rosen CA, et al. Consensus statement: using laryngeal electromyography for the diagnosis and treatment of vocal cord paralysis. Muscle Nerve 2016; 53:850-855.
  4. Parker N. Hereditary whispering dysphonia. JNNP 1985; 48:218-224.
  5. Hersheson J, Mencacci NE, Davis M, et al. Mutations in the autoregulatory domain of β-tubulin 4a cause hereditary dystonia. Ann Neurol 2013; 73:546-553.
  6. And 4 more. Subscribe to see the full list

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