Migraine: non-modifiable risk factors
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Migraine: non-modifiable risk factors. Caucasian ethnicity, Early puberty, Excessive female hormones in males. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Individual risk factors
- Caucasian ethnicity
- Male sex: this is a risk factor for migraine starting before puberty
- Female sex: this is a risk factor for migraine starting after puberty
- Early puberty
- Excessive female hormones in males
- Family history of migraine
Familial hemiplegic migraine (FMH) gene mutations
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High homocysteine gene mutations
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Other genetic risk factors
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Hypercoagulable risk factors
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Other non-modifiable risk factors
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Protective factors
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Acronyms
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References
- Lipton RB, Bigal ME. Migraine: epidemiology, impact, and risk factors for progression. Headache 2005; (45 Suppl 1):S3-S13.
- Pakalnis A. Migraine and hormones. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2016; 23:92-94. Stewart WF, Roy J, Lipton RB. Migraine prevalence, socioeconomic status, and social causation. Neurology 2013; 81:948-955.
- Bond DS, Roth J, Nash JM, Wing RR. Migraine and obesity: epidemiology, possible mechanisms and the potential role of weight loss treatment. Obes Rev 2011; 12:e362-371.
- van Oosterhout WPJ, Schoonman GG, van Zwet EW, et al. Female sex hormones in men with migraine. Neurology 2018; 91:e374-e381.
- Russell MB, Olesen J. Increased familial risk and evidence of genetic factor in migraine. BMJ 1995; 311:541-544.
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