Spina bifida: risk factors
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Spina bifida: risk factors. MTHFR, VANGL1, VANGL2, FUZ, CCL2, CELSR1, TBXT. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Genetic mutations
- MTHFR
- VANGL1
- VANGL2
- FUZ
- CCL2
- CELSR1
- TBXT
Other genetic risk factors
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Maternal vitamin and mineral deficiencies
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Maternal co-morbidities
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Maternal drugs and toxins exposure
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Possible risk factors
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Curranino syndrome
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References
- Mitchell LE, Adzick NS, Melchionne J, Pasquariello PS, Sutton LN, Whitehead AS. Spina bifida. Lancet 2004; 364:1885–1895.
- Northrup H, Volcik KA. Spina bifida and other neural tube defects. Curr Probl Pediatr 2000; 30:313-332.
- Hassan AS, Du YL, Lee SY, Wang A, Farmer DL. Spina bifida: a review of the genetics, pathophysiology and emerging cellular therapies. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:22.
- Kole MJ, Fridley JS, Jea A, Bollo RJ. Currarino syndrome and spinal dysraphism. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2014; 13:685-689.
