Multiple system atrophy (MSA): diagnostic criteria
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Multiple system atrophy (MSA): diagnostic criteria. Neuropathologically established MSA, Clinically established MSA. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Levels of diagnostic certainty
- Neuropathologically established MSA
- Clinically established MSA
- Clinically probable MSA
- Possible prodromal MSA
Essential diagnostic criteria for clinically established MSA
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Core diagnostic criteria for clinically established MSA
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Supportive motor criteria for clinically established MSA
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Supportive non-motor criteria for clinically established MSA
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MRI markers for clinically established MSA-P
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MRI markers for clinically established MSA-C
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Exclusion criteria MSA
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References
- Wenning GK, Stankovic I, Vignatelli L, et al. The Movement Disorder Society Criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Mov Disord 2022; 37:1131-1148.
- Zhang L, Hou Y, Wei Q, et al. Diagnostic utility of movement disorder society criteria for multiple system atrophy. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1200563.
- Sugiyama A, Riku Y, Koga S, et al. Revisiting 'hot cross bun' sign: a multicentre MRI study of 97 patients with autopsy-confirmed multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2025 (Online ahead of print).
