Post traumatic parkinsonism (PTP)

Evidence-based neurology checklist on post traumatic parkinsonism (ptp): Risk features Parkinsonism can develop after traumatic brain injury (TBI) This can develop with or without any brain lesions The most frequent causes of TBI are motor vehicle accidents and falls Repetitive head injury in…

Risk features

  • Parkinsonism can develop after traumatic brain injury (TBI)
  • This can develop with or without any brain lesions
  • The most frequent causes of TBI are motor vehicle accidents and falls
  • Repetitive head injury in previous soccer players is a risk factor
  • The onset of parkinsonian is within 1–6 months in 47% of cases
  • It can start up to a year after TBI in subjects older than 60 years
  • The severity of PTP is proportional to the severity of brain injury
  • There is associated accumulation of Lewy bodies

Clinical features

Course

Differential diagnosis: in the context of TBI

Treatment

Investigational treatments

References

  1. Ferrazzoli D, Ortelli P, Versace V, Set al. Post-traumatic parkinsonism: The intricate twist between trauma, inflammation and neurodegeneration. A narrative review. J Neurol Sci 2024; 466:123242.
  2. Rojvirat C, Arismendi GR, Feinstein E, Guzman M, Citron BA, Delic V. Systematic review of post-traumatic parkinsonism, an emerging parkinsonian disorder among survivors of traumatic brain injury. Neurotrauma Rep 2024; 5:37-49.
  3. Miner AE, Kmiecik MJ, Namburi N, et al. Associations between cumulative head trauma and self-reported parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease in former soccer players. Mov Disord 2026; 41:2325-2337.
  4. Bower JH, Maraganore DM, Peterson BJ, McDonnell SK, Ahlskog JE, Rocca WA. Head trauma preceding PD: a case-control study. Neurology 2003; 60:1610-1615.
  5. Jafari S, Etminan M, Aminzadeh F, Samii A. Head injury and risk of Parkinson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mov Disord 2013; 28:1222-1229.
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