Rhombencephalitis
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Rhombencephalitis. This is inflammation of the brainstem and cerebellum. It is confirmed on brain imaging. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Pathology
- This is inflammation of the brainstem and cerebellum
- It is confirmed on brain imaging
- It is associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis >4cells/mm
Viral causes
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Other infective causes
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Inflammatory causes
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Autoimmune causes
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Paraneoplastic causes
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Other causes
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Clinical features
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Differential diagnosis
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain
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Investigations
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Treatment
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Synonym
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Acronyms
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References
- Cleaver J, James R, Rice CM. Rhomboencephalitis. Pract Neurol 2020 (Online ahead of print).
- Jubelt B, Mihai C, Li TM, Veerapaneni P. Rhombencephalitis / brainstem encephalitis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2011; 11:543-552.
- Campos LG, Trindade RA, Faistauer Â, Pérez JA, Vedolin LM, Duarte JÁ. Rhombencephalitis: pictorial essay. Radiol Bras 2016; 49:329-336.
- Moragas M, Martínez-Yélamos S, Majós C, Fernández-Viladrich P, Rubio F, Arbizu T. Rhombencephalitis: a series of 97 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2011; 90:256-261.
- Jeanneret V, Winkel D, Risman A, Shi H, Gombolay G. Post-infectious rhombencephalitis after coronavirus-19 infection: A case report and literature review. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 357:577623.
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